Discussion
A town 50 km from the epicentre suffered more damage than a town 20 km away. The most likely explanation is
Answer: B
Correct answer: differences in soil conditions and construction
Distance is only one of several controls on damage. Soft alluvial soil amplifies ground motion severely and may liquefy, while firm rock does not, and poorly built masonry fails at shaking that an engineered frame survives. Directivity can add to the effect if the rupture propagated toward the farther town. Reversals of this kind are common and are precisely why intensity is mapped rather than calculated from distance.
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