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Let λ be the A.M. between α and β and also G.M. between α and β . Then α2 + β2 =

  • A.\(3\alpha\beta\)
  • B.\(\frac{1}{2}\alpha\beta\)
  • C.\(\alpha\beta\)
  • D.\(4\alpha\beta\)
  • E.\(2\alpha\beta\)

Answer: E

\(\alpha^{2} + \beta^{2}\) equals \(2\alpha\beta\).

If \(\lambda\) is both the A.M. and the G.M. of \(\alpha\) and \(\beta\), then

\[ \begin{aligned} \frac{\alpha + \beta}{2} &= \sqrt{\alpha\beta} \\ (\alpha + \beta)^{2} &= 4\alpha\beta \\ \alpha^{2} + \beta^{2} &= 4\alpha\beta - 2\alpha\beta = 2\alpha\beta \end{aligned} \]

(In fact this forces \((\alpha - \beta)^{2} = 0\), so \(\alpha = \beta\).) \(4\alpha\beta\) is \((\alpha + \beta)^{2}\), not \(\alpha^{2} + \beta^{2}\); the other multiples do not follow.

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