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The sum and difference of the arithmetic mean and the geometric mean of two positive integers are respectively, 18 and 8. Then the values of the two numbers are

  • A.12 and 24
  • B.2 and 24
  • C.6 and 20
  • D.8 and 18
  • E.1 and 25

Answer: E

The numbers are 1 and 25.

Let the arithmetic mean be A and the geometric mean G. From A + G = 18 and A - G = 8, A = 13 and G = 5. So for the two numbers a and b:

\[ \begin{aligned} a + b &= 2A = 26 \\ ab &= G^{2} = 25 \end{aligned} \]

They are the roots of \(t^{2} - 26t + 25 = 0\), that is \((t - 1)(t - 25) = 0\), giving 1 and 25. Check: AM 13, GM 5, sum 18, difference 8.

The other pairs fail the check. For 8 and 18, the AM is 13 but the GM is 12; for 2 and 24 the GM is not even an integer.

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