Discussion
In a class of 50 students, 30 passed in Mathematics, 25 passed in English, and 10 passed in both. How many students passed in at least one subject ?
Answer: B
45 students passed in at least one subject.
Adding the two pass lists counts the 10 students who passed both subjects twice, so subtract them once:
\[ n(M \cup E) = 30 + 25 - 10 = 45 \]
So 45 passed at least one subject and the other 5 of the 50 failed both.
55 is the plain sum 30 + 25, which double-counts the 10. 50 is the class size, which would mean no one failed both, and 40 subtracts the overlap twice.
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