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Let \(f: \left[\frac{-\pi}{2}, \frac{\pi}{2}\right] \to (-\infty, \infty)\) be given by \(f(x) = \tan(x)\sin(x)\). Then \(f(x)\) is

  • A.an even function but not 1-1 function
  • B.an odd function
  • C.an even function
  • D.an odd function but not an onto function
  • E.1-1 and an odd function

Answer: C

The keyed answer is an even function.

Replace \(x\) by \(-x\): \(\tan(-x)\sin(-x) = (-\tan x)(-\sin x) = \tan x \sin x\). So \(f(-x) = f(x)\) for every \(x\) in the domain, and \(f\) is even. That also rules out the two odd options and the option calling it 1-1 and odd, because an odd function satisfies \(f(-x) = -f(x)\).

The question is loosely set. Because \(f(-x) = f(x)\), distinct points \(x\) and \(-x\) give the same value, so \(f\) is also not one-one, which makes the first option a true statement too, and it is the more informative of the two. The key names the shorter property, even, and that is the one taught here. The function is also not onto \((-\infty, \infty)\), since \(\tan x \sin x \geq 0\) on the domain, and \(\tan x\) is not defined at the end points \(\pm \frac{\pi}{2}\) of the closed interval.

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