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Closing an open section by adding a light skin panel across the gap

  • A.Affects only the bending stiffness
  • B.It raises torsional stiffness enormously
  • C.Has almost no effect on torsional stiffness
  • D.Reduces the torsional stiffness

Answer: B

The added panel allows a circulating shear flow to form, replacing the feeble St Venant mechanism with the Bredt-Batho one. Gains of two or three orders of magnitude for a few per cent of weight are typical, which is why aerofoil sections are closed wherever possible.

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