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Assertion (A): A closed section is vastly stiffer in torsion than an open one of the same material.

Reason (R): A closed cell develops a shear flow circulating round the enclosed area.

Select the correct answer from the options below.

  • A.A is false but R is true
  • B.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
  • C.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
  • D.A is true but R is false

Answer: B

Both are true and the second explains the first. The open section can only resist by St Venant shear varying through the wall thickness, a mechanism carrying a cube on a very small dimension. The difference commonly runs to three orders of magnitude.

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