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Consider the following statements about cut-outs in shear webs:

1. A flanged hole lets the shear divert smoothly around the opening.

2. The flange also stabilises the surrounding web against buckling.

3. Plain square holes are preferred at high-shear stations.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

  • A.1 and 2 only
  • B.1 and 3 only
  • C.2 and 3 only
  • D.1, 2 and 3

Answer: A

Correct answer: 1 and 2 only

Statements 1 and 2 are the reason flanged holes are used: the flange gives the diverted shear a stiff path round the opening and stabilises the free edge against buckling. Statement 3 is the opposite of practice - a plain square hole puts sharp re-entrant corners into a highly stressed web, which is where fatigue cracks start.

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