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The spectrum of a periodic signal is

  • A.Always confined to a single frequency component
  • B.Random, changing from one observation to the next
  • C.Discrete, with harmonic lines
  • D.Continuous across all frequencies up to the bandwidth limit

Answer: C

Periodicity forces the spectrum to be discrete: lines at the fundamental and its harmonics, and nothing in between. That is the defining structural difference from an aperiodic signal, whose spectrum is continuous. A single component describes a pure sinusoid, which is one special case of a periodic signal rather than the general one. And a deterministic periodic signal has a fixed spectrum, so it does not vary between observations.

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