Discussion
In basaltic rocks, alteration of the outer iron-rich rim of olivine produce brownish red mineral called :
Answer: C
The brownish red alteration product of olivine is iddingsite.
Iddingsite is a mixture of iron oxides (goethite, hematite) and clay minerals that replaces olivine, starting from the rims and fractures, through oxidation of its iron during late-stage cooling or weathering of basalt. It gives the olivine crystals of many basalts their reddish brown borders.
Nephrite is a variety of jade (an amphibole), schorlomite is a titanium-rich garnet, and kaolinite is a clay formed mainly from the weathering of feldspar, not the characteristic product of olivine alteration.
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