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A follower drives a \( 220 \ \Omega \) load through its \( 1 \ \mathrm{k\Omega} \) emitter resistor at \( 2 \ \mathrm{mA} \). Its gain is about

  • A.1.07
  • B.0.93
  • C.0.99
  • D.0.5, since the load is a fifth of the emitter resistor

Answer: B

The load and emitter resistor combine in parallel against the intrinsic resistance:

\[ \begin{aligned} R &= 1000 \| 220 = 180 \ \Omega \\ A_{v} &= \frac{180}{180+13} \approx 0.93 \end{aligned} \]

so about 0.93, noticeably below the unloaded 0.99 because the effective emitter resistance has fallen. Even a follower's gain drops when the load approaches its own emitter resistance, which is a useful reminder that unity is a limit rather than a guarantee.

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