Discussion
Assertion (A) : Gandhiji was not totally against mechanization and industrialization.
Reason (R) : He opposed to the parasitic relationship of an industrial-urban system exploiting the fruits of labour of the village peasant and artisan.
Answer: A
Both statements are true and the Reason correctly explains the Assertion.
Gandhi was not against machines as such. He objected to the craze for machinery that displaced labour and concentrated wealth, and he accepted machines that lightened work, such as the sewing machine. His real objection was to an industrial, urban economy that lived off the villages, drawing away the fruits of the labour of peasants and artisans.
Because his opposition was aimed at that exploitative relationship rather than at technology itself, the Reason explains why he was not totally against mechanisation, ruling out the other options.
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