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Rejecting a null hypothesis when it is true is called :

  • A.Type I error
  • B.Type II error
  • C.Sampling error
  • D.Non-sampling error

Answer: A

Rejecting a true null hypothesis is a Type I error.

A Type I error is a false positive: the researcher concludes there is an effect when there is none. Its probability is the significance level, alpha, often set at 0.05.

A Type II error is the reverse, failing to reject a false null hypothesis (a false negative). Sampling error is the chance difference between a sample and the population, and non-sampling errors arise from measurement, response or processing mistakes.

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