Discussion
The secondary needs (the derived needs) as mentioned by Malinowski are .................... .
Answer: C
Malinowski's derived (secondary) needs are social-structural and instrumental.
In A Scientific Theory of Culture, Malinowski distinguished three levels of needs. Basic needs are biological: nutrition, reproduction, bodily comfort, safety and so on. Meeting them collectively creates derived or instrumental needs, such as an economy, social control, education and political organisation, which are met by social institutions. At a third level come integrative needs, met by knowledge, magic, religion and art.
So biological needs are the primary ones, and symbolic and cultural needs belong to the integrative level. Psychological needs are not one of Malinowski's named levels.
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