Discussion
Which of the following is a harmful effect of excessive use of pesticides ?
Answer: C
The harmful effect is soil and water pollution leading to health hazards.
Excess pesticides persist in the soil, wash into rivers and groundwater, and accumulate in food chains (bioaccumulation and biomagnification). They harm soil organisms, fish and birds, and in people they are linked to poisoning and long-term illness.
The other options describe benefits that pesticides do not deliver. They do not improve crop nutrition, they reduce rather than increase biodiversity by killing non-target species, and by harming soil microbes they tend to slow, not speed, the decomposition of organic matter.
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