Discussion
The phase diagram of a single component system is given below.
The option with the correct number of degrees of freedom corresponding to the labelled points i, j, and k, respectively, is
Answer: A
The degrees of freedom are 0, 1, 2.
For one component the Gibbs phase rule gives
\[ F = C - P + 2 = 3 - P. \]
- Point i is where three boundary lines meet, the triple point, with three phases in equilibrium: F = 0, so both p and T are fixed.
- Point j lies on a boundary line, where two phases coexist: F = 1, so fixing T fixes p.
- Point k lies inside a single-phase region: F = 2, so p and T can both vary.
The option 3, 2, 1 forgets to subtract the phases, and 2, 0, 1 and 0, 2, 1 assign the counts to the wrong points.
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