Discussion
In which of the following solutions X-Y interactions are weaker than X-X or Y-Y interactions?
(Where, X and Y are pure components)
Answer: B
The pair is carbon disulphide and acetone.
When X-Y attractions are weaker than X-X and Y-Y, molecules escape the mixture more easily, the vapour pressure exceeds Raoult's law, and the solution shows a positive deviation. Polar acetone mixed with non-polar CS2 is the textbook example: the dipole-dipole attractions between acetone molecules are broken and replaced by weaker ones.
Chloroform with acetone and nitric acid with water form stronger X-Y attractions (hydrogen bonding), a negative deviation. Bromoethane with chloroethane and benzene with toluene are nearly ideal.
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