Discussion
....................... excavation method is essential to employ to understand cultural sequence of ancient site.
Answer: B
The method is vertical excavation.
Vertical excavation cuts deep through a limited area so that the layers of a site are exposed one above another. Read from the bottom up, those layers give the cultural sequence: which occupation came first and what followed, the basis of a site's relative chronology.
Horizontal (open-area) excavation, by contrast, exposes one period over a wide area to show house plans and settlement layout. A trial trench is a small preliminary cut to test whether a site is worth digging. The quadrant method is a way of dividing a round mound or barrow for excavation, and archaeological sampling is a strategy for choosing what to dig, not a method that reveals sequence.
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