Discussion
Why does a narrower slit worsen the signal-to-noise ratio?
Answer: B
A narrow slit admits a smaller band and hence less energy, so the detector's signal falls against a noise floor that is largely unchanged. The detector's noise does not depend on the slit, and the source's output is what it is. Stray light does become relatively more important, which is a real secondary effect. Trading light for resolution is unavoidable in a dispersive instrument, and the only escape is a brighter source or a longer measurement time. The shared properties explain why these belong to one family, and the differences explain why more than one exists.
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