Discussion
The energy of a photon is related to its frequency by
Answer: A
Correct answer: \( E = h\nu \)
Planck’s relation gives the energy of a photon as
\[ E = h\nu = \frac{hc}{\lambda} \]so energy rises with frequency and falls with wavelength. This single equation orders the whole of spectroscopy: radio photons are the least energetic and flip nuclear spins, infrared photons excite vibrations, visible and ultraviolet photons promote electrons, and X-rays eject them.
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