Discussion
The conventional reference standard for proton chemical shift is
Answer: C
Correct answer: tetramethylsilane
TMS is used because its twelve protons are equivalent and give a single sharp line; silicon is less electronegative than carbon so they are unusually shielded and the signal falls at one end of the range, clear of almost everything else; it is chemically inert and volatile, so it is easily removed. Its signal is defined as zero, and shifts are quoted relative to it.
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