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The area under a proton signal, obtained by integration, is proportional to the number of

  • A.scans accumulated in the experiment
  • B.protons giving rise to it
  • C.neighbours coupling to it
  • D.bonds separating it from the reference

Answer: B

Correct answer: protons giving rise to it

Every proton in a given environment contributes equally to the signal, so the integrated area is proportional to how many there are. The integral therefore gives the ratio of protons in each environment - three to two to one for ethanol, for instance - which together with the chemical shifts and the splitting patterns is usually enough to settle the structure.

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