Discussion
Assertion: the symmetric stretch of carbon dioxide is infrared inactive. Reason: the two bond dipoles cancel throughout the motion.
Answer: C
Correct answer: both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason explains the assertion
Both are true and the reason is the mechanism. Infrared activity requires the vibration to change the dipole moment. In the symmetric stretch both oxygen atoms move outward together, so the two C-O bond dipoles remain equal and opposite at every instant and the resultant stays zero. With no oscillating dipole there is nothing for the radiation to couple to, and the mode is silent in the infrared - though it appears clearly in the Raman spectrum.
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