Discussion
Throttling a pump to reduce its flow rather than slowing it
Answer: C
Correct answer: wastes the pressure dropped across the valve
A throttle valve reduces the flow by adding resistance, and the pump still develops nearly its full head; the surplus pressure is destroyed across the valve as heat. Slowing the pump reduces the head it develops as well as the flow, so the power falls as the cube of speed instead of barely at all.
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