Discussion
The average discharge, operating pressure and emitter constant of a drip emitter are 4 L h-1, 110 kPa and 0.3, respectively. The type of emitter is
Answer: A
The emitter is an orifice type.
Emitter discharge follows \(q = k P^{x}\), where k is the emitter constant and x the emitter exponent that identifies the flow regime. Solve for x:
\[ \begin{aligned} 4 &= 0.3 \times 110^{x} \\ 110^{x} &= 13.33 \\ x &= \frac{\ln 13.33}{\ln 110} = \frac{2.590}{4.700} \approx 0.55 \end{aligned} \]
An exponent close to 0.5 means fully turbulent flow, which is the behaviour of orifice emitters. Long-path emitters run partly laminar, with x of about 0.7 (1.0 for fully laminar flow). Pressure-compensating emitters are designed for x near 0, so that discharge hardly changes with pressure. In the standard classification by flow regime, an exponent of 0.5 points to the orifice class.
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