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If the probability generating function of a random variable X is given by :

\[ P_{X}(t) = (0.4 + 0.6t)^{10}, \]

then the distribution of X is :

  • A.binomial with mean 4
  • B.binomial with mean 6
  • C.negative binomial with mean \(\frac{20}{3}\)
  • D.negative binomial with mean 15

Answer: B

X is binomial with mean 6.

The probability generating function of a binomial \((n, p)\) variable is \((q + pt)^{n}\) with \(q = 1 - p\). Matching \((0.4 + 0.6t)^{10}\) gives \(n = 10\), \(p = 0.6\), \(q = 0.4\), so

\[ \begin{aligned} E(X) &= np = 10 \times 0.6 = 6 \\ P_{X}'(1) &= 10 \times 0.6 \times 1^{9} = 6 \end{aligned} \]

Mean 4 is \(nq\), the expected number of failures, which comes from reading 0.4 as the success probability. A negative binomial pgf has the form \(p^{r}(1 - qt)^{-r}\), with a negative exponent, so neither negative binomial option fits a polynomial pgf.

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