Discussion
Assertion (A): Engine failure at low speed is the critical rudder sizing case on a multi-engine aeroplane.
Reason (R): The asymmetric thrust moment is unchanged while the dynamic pressure has fallen.
Select the correct answer from the options below.
Answer: D
Correct answer: Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
Both are true and the reason is precisely why the case is critical. Asymmetric thrust produces a moment set by thrust and engine offset, and neither falls as the aeroplane slows.
The rudder's opposing moment, by contrast, is proportional to dynamic pressure and therefore to the square of speed. So the demand stays constant while the authority falls away, and the binding condition is the lowest speed at which flight must continue - which is what defines \( V_{MCA} \). Rudder size on a multi-engine aeroplane is set by this balance rather than by any manoeuvring requirement.
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