Discussion
To achieve longitudinal static stability of a general aviation airplane, which one of the following conditions should be satisfied?
Answer: B
The condition is that the center of gravity should be forward of the neutral point.
The neutral point is the centre of gravity position at which the airplane is neutrally stable in pitch, where \(\partial C_{m}/\partial \alpha = 0\). With the CG ahead of it, an increase in angle of attack produces a nose-down restoring moment, so \(\partial C_{m}/\partial \alpha \lt 0\) and the static margin, the distance from CG to neutral point as a fraction of mean chord, is positive.
The other three options each describe instability: CG aft of the neutral point, a positive \(\partial C_{m}/\partial \alpha\) and a negative static margin are three ways of saying the same unstable condition.
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