Discussion
If the median of the data 30, 8, 7, 3, 17, 15, 21, 24, 29, 23 is x and the median of the data obtained by replacing 3 by 33 and 8 by 18 in the above data is y, then what is the difference between y and x ?
Answer: C
The difference between y and x is 3.
Arrange the original data in order: 3, 7, 8, 15, 17, 21, 23, 24, 29, 30. With ten values the median is the mean of the 5th and 6th: x = (17 + 21)/2 = 19.
After replacing 3 by 33 and 8 by 18 the data are 7, 15, 17, 18, 21, 23, 24, 29, 30, 33, so y = (21 + 23)/2 = 22.
\[ y - x = 22 - 19 = 3 \]
Forgetting to re-sort the data after the replacement is the usual source of the other answers.
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