Discussion
In a control system, what is the percentage error in measurement if the variable range is 4.20 mA and the measured value is 13 mA with set point of 10 mA :
Answer: A
The percentage error is 18.75.
The variable range printed '4.20 mA' is the standard 4-20 mA signal range, a span of 16 mA. The error is expressed as a percentage of that span:
\[ \begin{aligned} e &= \frac{13 - 10}{20 - 4} \times 100 \\ &= \frac{3}{16} \times 100 = 18.75\% \end{aligned} \]
Dividing by the full 20 mA instead of the 16 mA span gives 15%, and dividing by the set point gives 30%; neither is the percentage of span used in process control.
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