Discussion
In stepwise polymerization, the addition of a small amount of catalyst results into :
Answer: C
A catalyst reduces the time needed to reach a high degree of polymerization.
In step-growth polymerization (for example a polyesterification) the degree of polymerization rises only slowly with conversion, Xn = 1/(1 − p), so very high conversions are needed for high polymer. An added acid catalyst raises the rate constant of each condensation step, so the same high conversion and degree of polymerization are reached in much less time.
A catalyst speeds the reaction rather than slowing it, so option A is wrong; it does not lower the extent of esterification, which it promotes. 'No effect on molecular weight distribution' does not describe what catalysis is added for, which is the speed of reaching high conversion.
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