Discussion
Who among the following stated that "Geopolitics is a pseudo-science creating the factor of geography into an absolute ?
Answer: D
The statement is Hans J. Morgenthau's.
In Politics Among Nations Morgenthau accepted geography as an element of national power but attacked German Geopolitik, calling it a pseudo-science that erects the factor of geography into an absolute, as if geography alone decided the power and fate of nations. The paper's 'creating' is its version of 'erecting'.
Mackinder, Spykman and Haushofer were geopoliticians themselves: Mackinder with the Heartland theory, Spykman with the Rimland, and Haushofer as the chief exponent of German Geopolitik. It was their kind of thinking that Morgenthau was criticising.
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