Discussion
Which of the following toxins cause damage to the tissue cells by its phospholipase action?
Answer: B
Correct answer: beta toxin
Staphylococcal beta toxin is a sphingomyelinase C, an enzyme that hydrolyses the sphingomyelin of the cell membrane and so destroys the cell from its lipid outwards. Alpha toxin damages membranes by a different route, assembling into a pore; protein A binds the Fc region of immunoglobulin and blocks opsonisation; and coagulase clots plasma rather than attacking cells.
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