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Margin of safety is defined as

  • A.The applied divided by the allowable
  • B.The allowable minus the applied
  • C.The allowable divided by the applied
  • D.The allowable divided by the applied, less one

Answer: D

Correct answer: The allowable divided by the applied, less one

The definition is

\[ MS = \frac{\text{allowable}}{\text{applied}} - 1 \]

Subtracting one places the break-even point at zero, so a positive margin means adequate and a negative margin means overloaded - which is far easier to scan down a page of a stress report than a column of ratios that must each be compared with unity.

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