Discussion
The network address of 172.16.0.0/19 provides how many subnets and hosts?
Answer: B
Correct answer: 8 subnets, 8,190 hosts each
172.16.0.0 is a class B network with a natural /16, so a /19 borrows three bits and leaves thirteen: \[ 2^{3} = 8\ \mathrm{subnets}, \qquad 2^{13}-2 = 8190\ \mathrm{hosts}. \] All eight subnets are usable on any modern IOS, and the answers offering seven subnets come from the obsolete rule that excluded the all-zeros subnet.
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