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Consider the following statements about a close-coupled canard on a delta:

1. Its vortex delays breakdown of the wing's leading-edge vortex.

2. It trims the aircraft with an upward load rather than a download.

3. It makes the aircraft more statically stable in pitch.

Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

  • A.2 and 3 only
  • B.1, 2 and 3
  • C.1 and 2 only
  • D.1 and 3 only

Answer: C

The first two are the aerodynamic case for the configuration. The third is reversed: a lifting surface ahead of the centre of gravity moves the neutral point forward and is destabilising, which is precisely why such aircraft rely on relaxed stability and full authority flight control systems.

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