Discussion
The effectiveness of the turbocharger of a diesel engine increases when
Answer: C
A turbocharger becomes more effective as the load on the engine increases.
The turbine is driven by exhaust gas energy. At higher load more fuel is burnt, so the exhaust is hotter and flows faster, the turbine spins faster and the compressor delivers more boost. At light load there is little exhaust energy and the turbocharger contributes little (turbo lag).
Higher ambient temperature lowers the density of the intake air, which reduces the benefit. A lower pressure ratio across the compressor means less boost, the opposite of greater effectiveness. A smaller displacement produces less exhaust flow, not more turbine work.
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