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A \( 455 \ \mathrm{kHz} \) filter is \( 6 \ \mathrm{kHz} \) wide at \( 6 \ \mathrm{dB} \) and \( 12 \ \mathrm{kHz} \) at \( 60 \ \mathrm{dB} \). Its shape factor is

  • A.2.0
  • B.0.5
  • C.6.0, the ratio of the decibel figures given
  • D.18.0, the sum of the two bandwidths in kilohertz

Answer: A

Shape factor is the ratio of the wider skirt to the narrower passband:

\[ \frac{12}{6} = 2.0 \]

so 2.0, respectable for a mechanical filter though bettered by a good crystal ladder. The reciprocal inverts the definition, and the remaining options combine the wrong quantities altogether. A figure defined as a ratio of two widths must always come out greater than one, which is a useful check on the arithmetic.

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