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For adsorption of a gas on a solid surface, the plot that represents Freundlich isotherm is
(x = mass of gas, m = mass of adsorbent, P = pressure)

  • A.Plot of absolute log (x/m) against absolute log P: a curve rising from the origin and levelling off
  • B.Plot of absolute log (x/m) against absolute log P: a straight line from the origin that bends sharply upward at the end
  • C.Plot of absolute log (x/m) against absolute log P: a falling straight line
  • D.Plot of absolute log (x/m) against absolute log P: a rising straight line with a positive intercept

Answer: D

The Freundlich isotherm is plot (D).

The isotherm is \(x/m = kP^{1/n}\). Taking logarithms gives a straight line:

\[ \log\frac{x}{m} = \log k + \frac{1}{n}\log P \]

The line has a positive slope \(1/n\) and a positive intercept \(\log k\), which is what (D) shows. (A) levels off to a plateau, the shape of a Langmuir isotherm as the surface saturates, which is not a log-log line. (B) is a line through the origin that turns upward, and (C) has a negative slope, so neither fits the equation.

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