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Which independent layout combines the damper with the wheel location?

  • A.The trailing arm
  • B.The multi-link, in which several separate links control each degree of freedom of the wheel independently of the others
  • C.The MacPherson strut
  • D.The double wishbone, in which two arms locate the wheel and the damper acts only to control the spring movement

Answer: C

The strut carries the spring around the damper and is bolted to the hub carrier, so it locates the wheel laterally as well as damping it. It is compact and cheap, which is why almost every front wheel drive car uses it. Camber control in roll is its weakness. Working the distinction through on a single concrete case fixes it more firmly than any rule of thumb. Checking which component actually carries the load settles most questions of this kind at once. Working one numerical case through both cases side by side fixes the distinction better than any rule of thumb.

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