Discussion
Which of the following diseases is caused due to the deficiency of iodine ?
Answer: B
Iodine deficiency causes goitre.
The thyroid gland needs iodine to make the hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). When iodine is short, the pituitary secretes more thyroid-stimulating hormone, and the gland enlarges to trap more iodine, producing a swelling in the neck called goitre. Iodised salt is the main means of prevention, as under India's National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme.
Solitary thyroid nodules, thyroiditis (inflammation, often autoimmune) and thyroid cancer are thyroid disorders with other causes; none is the classic deficiency disease of iodine.
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