Discussion
Weight of SMPS based 12 volts adopters much lower as compared to conventional adopter because SMPS uses :
Answer: D
The weight falls because an SMPS steps the voltage down at high frequency.
A conventional adapter steps the 50 Hz mains down directly, which needs a heavy iron-core transformer. An SMPS first rectifies the mains, then chops the DC at tens of kilohertz and steps it down at that frequency. For a given voltage the transformer equation \(V = 4.44\,f N A B\) shows that the core area and turns needed fall as the frequency rises, so the transformer, the heaviest part, becomes small and light.
Ferrite transformers (A) are the kind of core used at that frequency, so they are a consequence of the high-frequency design rather than the underlying reason. Power MOSFETs (B) are the switches that make the chopping possible but do not themselves cut the weight. Rectifiers in the first stage (C) do not distinguish the two designs, because a conventional adapter also rectifies.
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