Discussion
Human beings are one among many creatures that inhabit an imagined world. In this imagined world, some creatures are cruel. If in this imagined world, it is given that the statement “Some human beings are not cruel creatures” is FALSE, then which of the following set of statement(s) can be logically inferred with certainty?
(i) All human beings are cruel creatures.
(ii) Some human beings are cruel creatures.
(iii) Some creatures that are cruel are human beings.
(iv) No human beings are cruel creatures.
Answer: D
The statements that follow with certainty are (i), (ii) and (iii).
If “Some human beings are not cruel creatures” is false, then there is no human being who is not cruel, so all human beings are cruel creatures: statement (i).
Human beings exist in this world (they are among its creatures), so if all of them are cruel, then some human beings are cruel (ii), and equally some cruel creatures are human beings (iii), which is (ii) read the other way round.
Statement (iv), “No human beings are cruel creatures”, contradicts (i), so any option containing it is wrong. Options listing only (i), or only (i) and (ii), leave out statements that also follow.
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