Discussion
Given below are three conclusions drawn based on the following three statements.
Statement 1: All teachers are professors.
Statement 2: No professor is a male.
Statement 3: Some males are engineers.
Conclusion I: No engineer is a professor.
Conclusion II: Some engineers are professors.
Conclusion III: No male is a teacher.
Which one of the following options can be logically inferred?
Answer: A
Only conclusion III follows.
All teachers are professors and no professor is male, so no teacher can be male: conclusion III is certain.
About engineers we know only that some males are engineers. Those male engineers cannot be professors, but other engineers, who are not male, may or may not be professors. So 'No engineer is a professor' (I) and 'Some engineers are professors' (II) are both possible but neither is certain. (They are complementary, so exactly one of them is true, but the statements do not tell us which.) That rules out every option containing I or II.
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