Discussion
The question given below contains four arguments of three sentences each. Choose the set in which the third statement is a logical conclusion of the first two.
1. All Ts are square; All squares are rectangular; All Ts are rectangular.
2. Some fat are elongated; Some elongated things are huge; Some fat are huge.
3. Idiots are bumblers; Bumblers fumble; Idiots fumble.
4. Water is good for health; Health foods are rare; Water is rare.
Answer: C
The valid sets are 1 and 3.
Set 1: all Ts are squares and all squares are rectangular, so all Ts are rectangular. A valid chain.
Set 3: idiots are bumblers and bumblers fumble, so idiots fumble. Also a valid chain.
Set 2 is invalid: the fat things that are elongated need not be among the elongated things that are huge, so two 'some' premises prove nothing. Set 4 is invalid: water is good for health, but that does not make water a 'health food', and even if it were, 'health foods are rare' would not make water rare. So '4 only' and '1, 2, 3 & 4' are wrong, and '3 only' misses set 1.
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