Discussion
Assertion (A): A hash function that uses only the first character of an identifier performs badly in a compiler.
Reason (R): Programmers habitually choose related names sharing a common prefix, so such a function clusters them into few buckets.
Answer: B
Both are true and the reason gives the mechanism, and the effect is easy to observe. A program full of names beginning with the same letter would reduce the table to a handful of long chains and lose the advantage of hashing entirely.
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