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A forward reference is a use of a name that

  • A.refers to a name in an enclosing procedure's scope
  • B.occurs inside a loop that has not yet been entered
  • C.appears in the text before the declaration of that name
  • D.refers to a name declared in a different source file

Answer: C

Correct answer: appears in the text before the declaration of that name

A forward reference forces the compiler either to make two passes, or to record the use and patch it when the declaration arrives. Languages requiring declaration before use avoid the difficulty; those permitting mutual recursion between procedures must deal with it somehow.

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