Discussion
Consider the following statements regarding the slow start phase of the TCP congestion control algorithm. Note that cwnd stands for the TCP congestion window and MSS denotes the Maximum Segment Size.
(i) The cwnd increases by 2 MSS on every successful acknowledgment.
(ii) The cwnd approximately doubles on every successful acknowledgement.
(iii) The cwnd increases by 1 MSS every round trip time.
(iv) The cwnd approximately doubles every round trip time.
Which one of the following is correct?
Answer: C
The correct choice is Only (iv) is true.
In slow start, the congestion window grows by 1 MSS for each acknowledgement received. In one round trip a full window's worth of segments is acknowledged, so the window gains as many MSS as it already holds and approximately doubles every round trip time (iv).
Statement (i) is wrong because the increase is 1 MSS per acknowledgement, not 2. Statement (ii) is wrong because a single acknowledgement adds only 1 MSS; doubling happens per round trip, not per acknowledgement. Statement (iii) describes congestion avoidance, the additive-increase phase after slow start, not slow start itself.
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