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In the context of lab-grown diamonds (LGDs), what is used as a diamond seed?

  • A.White sapphire
  • B.Moissanite
  • C.Graphite
  • D.Cubic zirconia (CZ)

Answer: C

The key gives graphite.

Lab-grown diamonds are made by two methods. In the high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) method, graphite is the carbon source that is converted into diamond at very high pressure and temperature with a metal catalyst; in chemical vapour deposition (CVD), carbon from a gas such as methane is deposited layer by layer. Strictly, the 'seed' on which the crystal grows is a small diamond in both methods, and none of the options is a diamond; the Commission's answer takes graphite, the carbon from which the diamond is formed, as the answer.

The other options are diamond simulants, not diamond material: white sapphire is aluminium oxide, moissanite is silicon carbide, and cubic zirconia is zirconium dioxide. None can become diamond, which is pure carbon.

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