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Black-box testing focuses on

  • A.Internal code structure
  • B.Algorithms
  • C.Input-output behavior
  • D.Memory management

Answer: C

Black-box testing focuses on input-output behavior.

A black-box tester treats the software as a closed box: test cases come from the specification, inputs are supplied and the outputs are checked against what is expected, with no knowledge of the code inside. Equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis and decision tables are typical black-box techniques.

Internal code structure and algorithms are the concern of white-box (glass-box) testing, which designs tests from the code's paths and branches. Memory management is an implementation detail that black-box testing does not examine.

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